The Effect of Virtual Reality-Based Intervention Technique on Reducing Pain in Children with Burns During Dressing Changes
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Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a virtual reality–based intervention (VRBI) in reducing pain during dressing changes among children with burn injuries.
Methods and Materials: A quasi-experimental design was employed at three burn centers in Baghdad and Al-Zahraa Teaching Hospital, Wasit Governorate. The study included 110 pediatric burn patients aged 6–17 years, equally divided into experimental and control groups (55 each) selected through purposive sampling. The intervention group used Meta Quest 2 virtual reality headsets during dressing changes, while the control group received standard care. Pain intensity was measured using the Wong–Baker Facial Pain Scale immediately after each procedure. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26 with descriptive statistics and chi-square tests.
Findings: Results showed a substantial reduction in pain among children exposed to the VR intervention. In the experimental group, 45.5% reported “no pain,” and 34.5% “hurt a little bit,” while in the control group, 65.5% reported “hurts a whole lot” and 34.5% “hurts worst.” The difference between groups was statistically significant (p<0.05). No significant associations were found between pain scores and demographic variables except for residence (p=0.004).
Conclusion: Virtual reality immersion significantly decreases procedural pain in children undergoing burn dressing changes. VRBI offers a safe, engaging, and cost-effective non-pharmacological strategy for pediatric pain management. Broader implementation and multicenter trials are recommended to validate its long-term benefits.
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