Mechanism of microRNAs Regulation and Function them in Recognition and Treatment of Cancer
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Background: Despite of all the efforts and studies conducted on diagnosis and treatment of cancer, this disease still has many of losses annually. Cancer is a multifactorial disease that is incidence of genetic and environmental factors are involved. MicroRNA of (micro ribonucleic acid) group of non-coding RNA that have been preserved during evolution. miRNA also like that mRNA By the enzyme RNA polymerase II transcription and after the capping mechanism and Polyadenylation (Pre-miRNA) obtained that by two cutting successive reactions, mature miRNA produced and through the connection to 3'UTR, mRNA target gene affects on it.
Methods: For investigate from the articles in the database such as pubmed, Google Scholar ,.... Were taken to this study we used.
Results: MicroRNA can be alter gene expression after transcription that is action in most cases performed through two way decomposition and or inhibit the translation of target gene mRNA. MIR in various cancers could have role oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes (Tumor suppressor) and also in cell cycle, cell death, apoptosis, differentiation and cell proliferation and drug resistance have an important role and can stop the progression of cancer and Hence as biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer are available.
Conclusion: MIR expression in various cancers decreases or increases, which in most cases increase the expression of a MIR cause to reduce expression of a gene targeting and vice versa. Hence further studies about this great group of micro RNA are important and can be investigated.
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