Empowering Hearts: Enhancing Medication Adherence Through Self-Efficacy-Based Motivational Interviewing in Heart Attack Patients

Empowering hearts

https://doi.org/10.22122/ijbmc.v11i4.711

Authors

  • Roa’a Hamzah Al-Gburi
    ahmedhaba1980@gmail.com
    Senior Specialist of Psychiatry, F.I.B.M.S. Psych., Imam Sadiq Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Babylon Health Directorate, Babylon, Iraq, Iraq
  • Murad Khadim Interventional Cardiologist, F.I.B.M.S. Cardiology, F.I.B.M.S. Internal Medicine, Imam Sadiq Hospital, Babylon Cardiac Centre, Babylon, Iraq, Iraq
  • Mohammed Jasim Mohammed Babylon Health Directorate, Babylon, Iraq, Iraq
Vol 11, No 4 (2024)
Quantitative Study(ies)
May 13, 2024
May 15, 2024

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Background: Given the pivotal role of medication adherence in improving survival rates and reducing hospital readmissions, this research aims to address the gap in adherence rates through a patient-centered approach. This study investigates the efficacy of self-efficacy-based motivational interviewing in enhancing medication adherence among patients with myocardial infarction (MI).

Methods: A semi-experimental pretest-posttest design was employed, involving 216 patients with MI from the Ibn Al-Bitar Specialized Center for Cardiac Surgery in Baghdad, Iraq. Participants were randomized into intervention and control groups. The sample size was calculated using G*Power software with a power of 0.80 and an alpha of 0.05, yielding a required sample of 100 participants (50 per group). The intervention group received motivational interviewing sessions based on the self-efficacy, while the control group did not. Medication adherence was measured using the 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8). Data analysis was performed using SPSS software, with repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) used to assess changes in adherence over time.

Results: The intervention group showed significant improvement in medication adherence scores from pre-test (5.46 ± 1.05) to post-test (2.45 ± 0.71) and follow-up (2.57 ± 0.80). In contrast, the control group's scores showed minimal change, from 5.44 ± 1.01 on pre-test to 5.04 ± 1.36 at follow-up. Statistical analysis using repeated measures ANOVA revealed a substantial impact of the intervention on medication adherence (F = 214.70, P < 0.001) with a large effect size (0.85).

Conclusion: The study validates the effectiveness of self-efficacy-based motivational interviewing in improving medication adherence in patients with MI. This approach could revolutionize chronic disease management, underscoring the necessity of incorporating behavioral interventions into patient care. The findings suggest potential applications of this method in broader chronic disease management contexts, warranting further investigation.