Psychometric Properties of the Adolescent Identity Instability Questionnaire
Downloads
Objective: The present study was conducted to examine the psychometric properties of the Identity Instability Questionnaire in adolescents with self-injurious behavior.
Methods and Materials: The present study was fundamental (basic) in purpose, developmental in its methodological approach, and psychometric in nature. The statistical population in the present study consisted of all male and female students of the second grade of public schools with self-injurious behavior in Gonbad-Kavos city in the academic year 2024-25. Of which 315 people (200 girls and 115 boys) were selected non-randomly and purposefully. The Lechner Identity Hyperstability Questionnaire (2023) was used to collect data. Data analysis included mean, standard deviation, confirmatory factor analysis, and convergent validity and reliability using SPSS 28 and SMART PLS 3 statistical software.
Findings: Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the measurement model of the Identity Instability Scale with 20 items had a good fit. The factor loading of all items was higher than 0.50, the composite reliability and Cronbach's alpha were higher than 0.70, and the convergent validity was higher than 0.50. The results of the item analysis method showed that the items had an appropriate degree of difficulty and had a normal distribution.
Conclusion: The results of this study indicated the suitability of the psychometric properties of the Identity Instability Questionnaire for use in adolescents with self-injurious behavior. Future research can use this tool for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in adolescents with self-injurious behavior.
Downloads
Aggarwal, S., Borschmann, R., & Patton, G. C. (2021). Tackling stigma in self-harm and suicide in the young. The Lancet Public Health, 6(1), e6-e7. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30259-0
Alves, M. I., Dias Júnior, S. A., Martins, T., Felipe, A. O. B., Freitas, P. S., & Moreira, D. d. S. (2025). The Relationship Between Excessive Screen Time, Self‐Harm, and Suicidal Behavior in Adolescents During the COVID‐19 Pandemic: An Integrative Literature Review. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing, 38(2), e70015. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcap.70015
Asadolahi, S., & Gholamipour, N. (2023). An Explanation of Impulsivity, Cognitive Flexibility, and Metacognitive Thinking in Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Behaviors. International Journal of Body, Mind & Culture (2345-5802), 10(4). 10.22122/ijbmc.v10i4.501
Bahmani, M., Eslamdoust, S. F., KOUSHA, M., Abdollahi, E., & Bozorgchenani, A. (2022). Prevalence of Self-Harm Behaviors and Deliberate Self-Cutting in High School Students in Northern Iran and Its Relationship with Anxiety, Depression, and Stress. 10.32598/jhnm.32.3.2193
Bogaerts, A., Luyckx, K., Bastiaens, T., Sleuwaegen, E., Berens, A., & Claes, L. (2023). The Self-Concept and Identity Measure in patients with personality disorders: A psychometric evaluation and associations with identity processes, core domains of self-functioning, and personality disorder symptoms. Assessment, 30(7), 2184-2197. https://doi.org/10.1177/10731911221140313
Clark, V. C., Ulman, S. M., Erdman, A. L., Gale, E. B., Janosky, J., & Stapleton, E. J. (2025). Athletic identity, anxiety, and depression in moderate to highly specialized female adolescent volleyball players. Frontiers in Psychology, 16, 1525074. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1525074
Collict, C., Benson, A. J., Schaefer, L., & Caron, J. G. (2025). Exploring how athletes navigate identity-related changes following sport-related concussion. Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1037/spy0000379
Côté, J. E. (2006). Emerging adulthood as an institutionalized moratorium: Risks and benefits to identity formation. https://doi.org/10.1037/11381-004
Erikson, E. H. (1968). Identity: Youth and crisis (Vol. 68). Norton. https://www.academia.edu/37327712/Erik_H_Erikson_Identity_Youth_and_Crisis_1_1968_W_W_Norton_and_Company_1_
Fonagy, P., FBA, F., & Campbell, C. (2019). Therapy for Adolescents. Evidence-Based Treatment Approaches for Suicidal Adolescents: Translating Science into Practice, 117. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9781615379125.lg05
García-Iglesias, J. J., Gómez-Salgado, J., Fernández-Carrasco, F. J., Rodríguez-Díaz, L., Vázquez-Lara, J. M., Prieto-Callejero, B., & Allande-Cussó, R. (2022). Suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review. Frontiers in public health, 10, 1043216. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.1043216
Goñi-Sarriés, A., Gutiérrez-Valencia, M., Morata-Sampaio, L., Saiz-Fernández, L. C., Leache-Alegría, L., & Sánchez-Villegas, A. (2025). Lifestyle Habits, Problem Behaviors and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury in Adolescents: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Studies. Adolescent Research Review, 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40894-025-00257-3
Hambleton, A. L., Hanstock, T. L., Halpin, S., & Dempsey, C. (2022). Initiation, meaning, and cessation of self-harm: Australian adults’ retrospective reflections and advice to adolescents who currently self-harm. Counselling Psychology Quarterly, 35(2), 260-283. https://doi.org/10.1080/09515070.2020.1737509
He, X., Huang, P., Xu, X., Yu, Q., Huang, H., Yang, P., & Yang, B. (2025). Impulsivity and non-suicidal self-injury in adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. Frontiers in psychiatry, 16, 1586922. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1586922
Hosseinimotlaqh, M., & Rahimi, A. (2024). Comparison of Cognitive Fusion, Risk-taking, and Fathers' Communication Style between Adolescents with and without Self-harm. International Journal of Body, Mind & Culture (2345-5802), 11(3). 10.22122/ijbmc.v11i3.535
Kaufman, E. A., Puzia, M. E., Godfrey, D. A., & Crowell, S. E. (2020). Physiological and behavioral effects of interpersonal validation: A multilevel approach to examining a core intervention strategy among self‐injuring adolescents and their mothers. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 76(3), 559-580. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22902
Kovács, L. N., Schmelowszky, Á., Galambos, A., & Kökönyei, G. (2021). Rumination mediates the relationship between personality organization and symptoms of borderline personality disorder and depression. Personality and Individual Differences, 168, 110339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2020.110339
Lechner, C. A. (2023). Development and Validation of the Identity Instability Scale, Alliant International University. https://www.proquest.com/openview/e27032e68694045b0eeda14343cd6aa7/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750&diss=y
Luyckx, K., Vanderhaegen, J., Raemen, L., & Claes, L. (2025). Identity formation in adolescence and emerging adulthood: A process-oriented and applied perspective. European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 22(2), 168-187. https://doi.org/10.1080/17405629.2023.2250128
Massoodi, A., Ramezani, A., Hamzehpour, R., Azizi, A., Moudi, S., Hamidia, A., Betyar, M., Koutanaei, S. J., & Arimi, F. A. (2025). The Prevalence of Self-harm Among Iranian High-Risk Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. International Journal of High Risk Behaviors and Addiction, 14(14), e165831. https://doi.org/10.5812/ijhrba-159754
Miri, M., Rezaeian, M., & Ghasemi, S. A. (2022). A systematic review on the prevalence and causes of suicide (thoughts and actions) in Iranian school and university students. Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, 21(5), 551-574. https://doi.org/10.52547/jrums.21.5.551
Moradi, N., Farahani, F. A., Anaraki, D. N., & Soleimani, N. (2021). Journal of Research in Behavioral Sciences Year 2021, Volume 19, Issue. https://doi.org/10.52547/rbs.19.1.75
Orben, A., Tomova, L., & Blakemore, S.-J. (2020). The effects of social deprivation on adolescent development and mental health. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, 4(8), 634-640. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30186-3
Randazzo, C., & Ammari, T. (2025). Kintsugi-Inspired Design: Communicatively Reconstructing Identities Online After Trauma. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, 9(7), 1-31. https://doi.org/10.1145/3757446
Sun, J., Ban, Y., & Liu, J. (2024). Relationship between bullying victimization and suicide ideation among Chinese adolescents: a moderated chain mediation model. Children and youth services review, 156, 107304. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2023.107304
Valladares-Garrido, D., Zila-Velasque, J. P., Santander-Hernández, F. M., Guevara-Morales, M. A., Morocho-Alburqueque, N., Failoc-Rojas, V. E., Pereira-Victorio, C. J., Vera-Ponce, V. J., León-Figueroa, D. A., & Valladares-Garrido, M. J. (2024). Association between love breakup and suicidal ideation in Peruvian medical students: a cross-sectional study during the COVID-19 pandemic. Frontiers in psychiatry, 14, 1287036. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1287036
Van de Vijver, F. J., & Leung, K. (2021). Methods and data analysis for cross-cultural research (Vol. 116). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781107415188
Veloso-Besio, C., Cuadra-Peralta, A., Gallardo-Peralta, L., Cuadra-Fernández, P., Quiroz, P. T., & Troncoso, N. V. (2023). The prevalence of suicide attempt and suicidal ideation and its relationship with aggression and bullying in Chilean adolescents. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1133916. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1133916
Zhang, W., Song, X., Wang, X., Jiang, Z., Zhang, Y., & Cui, Y. (2025). Network analysis of core factors related to non-suicidal self-injury in adolescents with mood disorders. Frontiers in psychiatry, 16, 1557351. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1557351
Zhou, S. C., Zhou, Z., Tang, Q., Yu, P., Zou, H., Liu, Q., Wang, X. Q., Jiang, J., Zhou, Y., & Liu, L. (2024). Prediction of non-suicidal self-injury in adolescents at the family level using regression methods and machine learning. Journal of Affective Disorders, 352, 67-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2024.02.039
Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Body, Mind and Culture

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.








