Predicting Depression Based on Family Climate and Emotional Schemas in Adolescent Girls
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Objective: This study examined whether family climate and emotional schemas predict depressive symptoms in adolescent girls.
Methods and Materials: In this cross-sectional correlational study, 200 female upper secondary school students in Shiraz, Iran were selected via cluster random sampling. Participants completed the Family Environment Scale (family relationship, personal growth, system maintenance), Beck Depression Inventory, and Leahy’s Emotional Schema Scale. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlations and simultaneous multiple regression (SPSS-22).
Findings: Depression showed significant negative correlations with family relationship, personal growth, and system maintenance, and with emotional self-awareness; and positive correlations with rumination, need for others’ approval, shame/guilt, and blame. In regression analysis, family climate explained 14% of the variance in depression, with family relationship and system maintenance emerging as significant negative predictors, while personal growth was not significant. Emotional schemas explained 57% of the variance; emotional self-awareness negatively predicted depression, whereas rumination, need for others’ approval, and blame positively predicted depression.
Conclusion: Both family climate and specific emotional schemas are meaningful correlates/predictors of depressive symptoms among adolescent girls. Preventive interventions may benefit from strengthening supportive family relationships and targeting maladaptive emotional schemas (e.g., rumination, approval-seeking, and blame).
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