Adapting the Psychological Well-Being Scale For Indonesian College Students: a Rasch-Based Validation
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Objective: This study aimed to adapt and validate Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being Scale (PWBS) for Indonesian university students in the emerging adulthood stage across diverse higher education contexts.
Methods and Materials: The original Ryff PWBS consists of 42 items. Following translation and contextual adaptation, Rasch analysis was conducted on all 42 items to evaluate item fit, reliability, unidimensionality, and potential group-related bias. Three items demonstrating consistent misfit were removed, resulting in a final Indonesian version comprising 39 items. The sample included 1.215 university students aged 18–25 years (63.4% female) from public and private higher education institutions across Java, Sumatra, Kalimantan, and Bali.
Findings: Most items demonstrated acceptable Infit and Outfit MNSQ values, with both person and item reliability reaching high levels. Three items were excluded due to persistent misfit. Unidimensionality analysis indicated that the raw variance explained by measures was 38.4%, slightly below the commonly cited 40% criterion, while residual eigenvalues remained below 15%. These results provide adequate support for a unidimensional structure for Rasch measurement purposes.
Conclusion: The study yields a 39-item Indonesian version of the PWBS adapted for use in the Indonesian higher education context, demonstrating reliable psychometric properties. This instrument is suitable for assessing psychological well-being among Indonesian university students, while acknowledging the original scale's theoretical multidimensionality.
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