The Predictive Value of Depression and Anxiety on Protracted Cardiovascular Outcomes in Individuals with Acute Myocardial Infarction

The predictive value of depression and anxiety on protracted cardiovascular outcomes

https://doi.org/10.22122/ijbmc.v10iSpecial%20Issue.739
Myocardial infarction Anxiety Quality of life Depression

Authors

  • Taldybayeva Aigul Sauletzhanovna Senior Teacher, Master Electro Energetics, Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Kazakhstan
  • Wathiq K. Mohammed Al-Hadi University College, Baghdad, Iraq, Iraq
  • Ahmed Shihab Ahmed Department of Density, Al-Manara College For Medical Sciences, Maysan, Iraq, Iraq
  • Haider Imad Mohammed Department of English, College of Education, University of Imam Ja’afarAlsadiq, Baghdad, Iraq, Iraq
  • Ahmed Al-Hili College of Medical Technology, Medical Lab Techniques, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq, Iraq
  • Mohammed Jawad Alnajar Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, AL-Nisour University, Baghdad, Iraq, Iraq
  • Nada Sami Naser Department of Arabic Language, College of Education, Sawa University, Almuthana, Iraq, Iraq
  • Eman Fathy Amr Collage of Nursing, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar , Iraq, Iraq
  • Riyadh Mohammed Mohsin Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, Mazaya University College, Iraq, Iraq
Vol 11, No(Special Issue) 2024
Quantitative Study(ies)
August 5, 2024
August 5, 2024

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Background: Depression and anxiety are prevalent psychological comorbidities within the patient group with AMI (acute myocardial infarction) and correlate with harmful effects. This research aimed to examine the predictive value of anxiety and depression on HRQoL (health-related quality of life) and prolonged cardiovascular outcomes within individuals with AMI in Baghdad, Iraq.

Methods: This study, designed as a prospective cohort, enrolled 1,000 AMI patients from three tertiary care hospitals in Baghdad. Anxiety and depression were evaluated through the use of the PHQ-9 (Patient Health Questionnaire-9) and HADS (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) at baseline. Over a 5-year follow-up period, the main endpoint was a composite of cardiovascular events, including recurrent AMI, cardiovascular mortality, and heart failure. Secondary outcomes included HRQoL, which was evaluated using the SF-36 (Short Form-36) questionnaire. Data analysis was performed employing linear mixed-effects models and Cox proportional hazards regression.

Results: At baseline, the prevalence of depression and anxiety was 42.6% (95% CI: 39.5-45.7) and 38.4% (95% CI: 35.4-41.4) (HADS) or 35.2% (95% CI: 32.2-38.2) (PHQ-9), respectively. After adjusting for confounders, baseline HADS-Anxiety (adjusted HR: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.04-1.12), HADS-Depression (adjusted HR: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.02-1.10), and PHQ-9 scores (adjusted HR: 1.05, 95% CI: 1.02-1.08) were significant predictors of cardiovascular events. Higher levels of depression and anxiety were additionally linked with lower SF-36 Mental and Physical Component Summary scores within the 5-year follow-up timeframe.

Conclusion: Anxiety and depression are highly prevalent among AMI patients in Baghdad and are significant predictors of reduced QoL and adverse cardiovascular events over five years. The results highlight the importance of comprehensive management and regular evaluation to identify depression and anxiety in individuals with AMI to improve outcomes and QoL.

 

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